Ramadan (Arabic: رمضان‎ Ramaḍān, IPA: [rɑmɑˈdˤɑːn];[variations] Persian: رَمَضان‎ Ramazān; Urdu: رَمْضان‎ Ramzān; Turkish: Ramazan; Indonesian/Malay: Puasa or Bulan Puasa) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar;[3] Muslims worldwide observe this as a month of fasting.

The word Ramadan comes from the Arabic root ramiḍa or ar-ramaḍ, which means scorching heat (tamuz) or dryness.

While fasting from dawn until sunset, Muslims refrain from consuming food, drinking liquids, smoking, and engaging in sexual relations; in some interpretations Muslims also refrain from other behavior which could be perceived as sinful such as swearing, engaging in disagreements, listening to music and procrastination. 

Food and drink is served daily, before sunrise and after sunset.

According to Islam, the thawab (rewards) of fasting are many, but in this month they are believed to be multiplied.

Fasting for Muslims during Ramadan typically includes the increased offering of salat (prayers) and recitation of the Quran.

Some times the fasting of Ramadan falls in the 6th month of the Hebrew calendar called Ellul, being the month in which Moses and Yeshua whom the Christians refere to as Jesus fasted for 40 days.